Bibliography: Prevalence

The survey forms the basis of Australia’s human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C surveillance among injecting drug users, and monitors behavioural indices of risk in addition to prevalence of infection (Kirby Institute)

Results indicate that current drug injection, including its incidence, has declined in recent years in Europe. While heroin remains the drug most frequently involved in drug injection, data show how drug injectors are now more likely to be using stimulants than in the past (EMCDDA)

This report presents an immediate opportunity to enhance youth drug use prevention and intervention programs, as well as emerging policy frameworks, with factual information and in a fashion that has been shown to work (CCSA)

The report presents national and jurisdictional data from the Australian Needle and Syringe Program Survey from 1995 to 2014. Around two thirds of Australia’s primary Needle and Syringe Program services participate in the survey and program attendees have participated on more than 45,000 occasions (The Kirby Institute, UNSW Australia)

United States, January–May 2015 (CDC)

HSE-Health Protection Surveillance Centre

An interactive webmap that allows users to map tobacco and alcohol outlet density, and related health outcomes, for neighbourhoods (‘datazones‘) across Scotland (CRESH)

As we describe below, available evidence shows that the misuse of benzodiazepines contributes to morbidity and mortality among high-risk opioid users (EMCDDA)

European multi-city study (EMCDDA)

What did we learn from GDS2015? An overview of our key findings Dr Adam R Winstock, Founder Director GDS

Deaths involving methamphetamine have been steadily increasing since 2010 and its use among injecting drug users has increased by 50 per cent over the past 10 years, according to research from the National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre at UNSW

The demand for synthetic drugs in East and South-East Asia and Oceania continues to rise, while rapid economic integration is creating new opportunities for transnational criminal groups to expand the illicit drug trade, warned UNODC in a new report recently released under the Global Synthetics Monitoring: Analyses, Reporting and Trends (SMART) Programme (UNODC)

Trends and Patterns of Amphetamine-type Stimulants and New Psychoactive Substances (UNODC)

The Illicit Drug Data Report 2013–14 provides governments, law enforcement agencies, policy makers, academia, interested stakeholders and the community with a robust statistical picture of the Australian illicit drug market (Australian Crime Commission)

Tobacco and alcohol use are by far the most prevalent addictive behaviours and cause the large majority of the harm. However, the quality of data on prevalence and addiction-related harms is mostly low, and comparisons between countries and regions must be viewed with caution (Addiction)